Apparatus for the measurement of high pressures



jam H925.

E. RIMAILHO APPARATUS FOR THE MEASUREMENT oF HIGH PREssUREs Filed March 2, 1921 figg if. lll...

Patented Jan. 13, 1925.

soNiTED STATES EMILE RIMAILHO, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR THE MEASUREMENT 0F HIGH PRESSURES.

Application led March 2, 1921.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, EMILE RIMAILHO, a citi/zen of the Republic of France and residing at Paris, Seine Department, blo. 12 Rue de la Rochefoucauld, in the. Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Measurement of High Pressures, lotl which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus employed for the exact measurement of pressures ot considerable value which may attain and even exceed 10,00() kilogrammes per square centimeter, such as are used for instance in the hydraulic hooping process for ordnance, in certain chemical industries, and the like. To this effect, the apparatus comprises a piston movable within a steel block, and the pressure to be measured which acts upon this piston is transmitted directly to a suitable number otcrushers or test pieces interposed between a piston of suitable diameter and a bearing surface provided wilhin the said block. To estimate the amount ot' pressure in such cases, measurement is made of the degree of crushing of the said crushers or the displacement of the piston, either directly or by the use of any suitable amplifying device.

The accompanying drawing shows by Way of example two consti-notional forms of the apparatus according to this invention, wherein Figure 1 is an axial section.A

Figure 2 shows the disposition of the crushers upon a supporting member.

Figure 3 is an axial section of an apparatus adapted for immersion in the iuid pressure.

As shown in Fig. 1, a hard steel block 1 is provided with a neck 2 for the admission of' fluid under pressure. This fluid passes through the duct 3 and enters a chamber 4: having movable therein a piston composed of two cylindrical parts 5 and 10 of different diameters. The block 1 is provided with the recess 6 having screwed therein the two threaded sleeves 7 and 8. The sleeve S contains the chamber 9 having movable therein the part 10. Between the part 10 and the sleeve or stopper 7 are disposed a plurality ot' crushers 11 of copper or like material, these being preferably maintained in position by a pasteboard washer 12 suitably apertured to receive the said Crushers with a slight friction (Fig. 2).

Serial No. 449,136.

Around the part 5 of the piston is disposed a packing member 14. The fluid may be( discharged through a duct 17 provided in the two sleeves, for instance in case of leakage. The part 1() of the piston is provided with a lever 19 carr ing a pointer adapted to move upon a dial 2O having scale divislons. At 21 is a screw needle valve for et'- fecting the discharge into the air upon starting the apparatus.

For each measurement of pressure which is to be effected, the number of Crushers is chosen in such manner that the load upon each shall be within the rangein which the crushing strains to be measured shall correspond to the region of maximum precision i'or the use ot' the crushers.

Having disposed the crushers in the proper position upon the part 10 when at the bottom of the stroke, the sleeves 7 and 8 are screwed into the recess 6, whereupon the pressure to be measured is brought to bear within the chamber 4 and under the part 5 of the piston. The thrust acting upon the piston is entirely transmitted to the crushers, these being crushed to the corresponding degree. The displacement of the rod 18 secured to the part 10 with reference to the sleeve 8 secured to the block 1 and the sleeve 7 corresponds exactly to the crushing effect upon the Crushers7 and may be used for the exact measurement of this latter, for instance by the movement of the pointer 19 over the dial 20. Another method is to unscrew the sleeve 7 after the pressure has fallen, then removing the Crushers and measuring the degree of crushing in a direct manner.

The part 5 of the piston may be given during the construction thereof as large a diameter as is required in order that no difiiculty will be encountered in the construction of the packing member 14 surrounding the same. It will suf'lice to provide at the same time for the use of a considerable number of crusliers. The device 19, 20, actuated by the extending portion 18 will permit of following in a continuous manner the variations ot' pressure as these take place. The amount of movement may be increased if required by the use of any suitable disposition. An yadvantage is aii'orded by the use of Crushers in that each operation will now leave a visible record in the form oi the test pieces, which may be called upon to furnish useful indications at a subsequent period. The apparatus may be used for the measurement of all high pressures which are caused to act upon the piston 5 through the medium of a compressible or non-compressible fluid.

In Fig. 3, the iston is disposed within a block 1 and is sli able in the screwed sleeves 8 and 25. The packing members 26 and 2T provide for the proper tightness and prevent the escape of the fluid under pressure which enters ythe central chamber 4. The pressure of this iuid is exerted upon the annular surface 10a, thus effecting the displacement of the piston and producing a crushing action upon the crushers 1l disposed upon the surface of the cylinder l0. rod 18 seycured to the piston projects outwardly of the apparatus, and the movements thereof will indicate the various phases of the action taking place. ,Y

Claims:

l. An apparatus for the measure-ment, by means of Crushers, of high pressures transJ mitted by a iiuid, comprising a main body having a chamber therein said chamber comprising two communicating portions of different diameters, a piston having two portions of different diameters, each slidably fitting one portion of the chamber, fluid tight packings provided upon each one of these portions, interposed between the piston and the walls of the chamber, a conduit for admiting a fluid under pressure 4leading into the said chamber between these two packings, Crushers disposed in said chamber upon the larger portion of the piston and at the end remote from the Huid conduit, means for retaining said crushers within the body and means connected with said piston for indicating at'the exterior of the main body and on an enlarged scale the displacements of the piston concurrently with the crushing of said Crushers.

2. An apparat-us for the measurement of high pressures by means of Crushers, comprising a piston having t-Woy parts of different diameters, a block having bored-out chambers formed therein for receiving respectively these parts, a removable plug screwed into one end of the said block opposite the said piston, there being a duct provided withinthe said block and opening into the chamber surrounding the mostnarrow part of the piston rod whereby the iuid whose pressure is to be measured is conducted therein, t-he space between the piston and the said removable plug being adapted to receive the crusher or Crushers which are `to be crushed at each measuring operation, the said plug having an aperture formed therein, a rod secured to the said piston and extending through the said aperture of the plug, and means exterior ofsaid block adapted to be actuated by said rod for indicating on an enlarged scale the displacements of the said rod with reference to the said plug immediately upon the occurrence thereof.

3. An apparatus for the measurement of high pressures by means of Crushers, comprising a piston having two parts of different diameters, a block having bored-out chambers formed therein adapted to respectively receive thesaid parts, a removable plug screwed into one end of the said block opposite the said piston, there being a duct formed in the said block and extending to the chamber surrounding the most narrow part of the piston whereby the fluid Whose pressure is to be ascertained shall be conducted into the said chamber, a washer dis-` posed loosely in the space between the piston and the said plug, the said Washer having a plurality of apertures formed therein adapted to receive the Crushers to be crushed, the said plug having an aperture formed therein, a rodsecured to the piston and extending through the said aperture in the plug, and means exterior of said .block adapted to be actuated by said rod for indicating on an enlarged scale the movements of the said rod with reference to the said plug contemporaneously with the production of the same.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as vmy invention I have signed my name in presence of a subscribing witness.

EMILE RIllIAILIIO. `Witness:

MARCEL COMFIA'. 

